Povodom 11. februara, Dana bezbednog Interneta, Share Fondacija uputila je otvoreno pismo predsedniku Republike Srbije i pozvala građane da potpišu globalnu online peticiju i podrže Principe protiv masovnog nadgledanja.
U daljem tekstu, prenosimo sadržaj otvorenog pisma u celosti:
Poštovani predsedniče Nikoliću,
u vezi sa Vašim tvrdnjama da se Vaše komunikacije neovlašćeno prisluškuju, želimo da se pridružimo Vašoj zabrinutosti i podsetimo da i mi, kao građani, svakodnevno strahujemo da se našim komunikacijama takođe neovlašćeno pristupa.
Ustav Republike Srbije članom 41. garantuje pravo na tajnost komunikacija i osigurava da se elektronske komunikacije svih lica ne presreću proizvoljno i bez ikakve kontrole. Netransparentnost i neusaglašenost mehanizama i procedura sa Ustavom i međunarodnim standardima u domenu zaštite privatnosti svih građana Srbije može da dovede do gubitka poverenja u institucije, čime se otežava uspostavljanje stabilnog demokratskog društva.
Dodatno, novinari, borci za ljudska prava i istraživači ne mogu da na adekvatan način, nezavisno i nepristrasno obavljaju svoju društvenu ulogu ukoliko im neko neovlašćeno i bez njihovog znanja nadzire komunikacije.
Nema kontrole prisluškivanja
Demokratske vrednosti podrazumevaju postojanje delotvorne civilne kontrole rada bezbednosnih službi, kao što su BIA, VOA i VBA, koje imaju mogućnost i legitimno pravo da vrše nadgledanje komunikacija u slučajevima kada se prema Ustavu može odstupiti od tajnosti sredstava komunikacije (vođenje krivičnog postupka i zaštita bezbednosti Republike Srbije). Neadekvatan regulatorni okvir i neefikasan način kontrole omogućavaju bezbednosnim službama da zadiru u privatnost građana bez valjanog osnova.
Mišljenja Poverenika za informacije od javnog značaja i zaštitu podataka o ličnosti i Zaštitnika građana su da stvarna situacija kada je reč o zaštiti privatnosti u Srbiji u velikoj meri odstupa od standarda koji su utvrđeni Ustavom i međunarodnim dokumentima. Takođe, poslednjom odlukom Ustavnog suda Srbije je utvrđeno da pojedini članovi Zakona o BIA nisu u skladu sa Ustavom. Na primer, član 13. koji se odnosi na odstupanje od tajnosti pisama i drugih sredstava komunikacije prema mišljenju suda nije formulisan dovoljno jasno i precizno, a ostaće na snazi četiri meseca od dana objavljivanja odluke, iako je protivustavan.
Više od 270 000 pristupa zadržanim podacima u 2012. godini kod samo jednog operatora mobilne i fiksne telefonije
Veliki problem predstavlja masovno pristupanje podacima o samoj komunikaciji, poput informacija o učesnicima komunikacije (npr. brojevi telefona, e-mail adrese…), vremenu i trajanju komunikacije, kao i lokaciji sa koje se vrši komunikacija. Važno je napomenuti da ovi podaci imaju isti stepen zaštite kao sadržaj jer su sastavni deo komunikacije. Analizom podataka o komunikaciji određenog pojedinca mogu se otkriti veoma osetljive informacije, poput zdravstvenog stanja, međuljudskih odnosa ili obrazaca kretanja. Prema izveštaju Poverenika za 2012. godinu, organi bezbednosti imaju uspostavljenu 24-časovnu vezu sa najvećim telekomunikacionim operatorima, a kod jednog od njih su ostvarili više od 270 000 samostalnih pristupa “zadržanim podacima”, što predstavlja drastično narušavanje prava na privatnost građana Srbije.
Softveri za masovni nadzor u Srbiji
Upotreba tehnologije za masovno nadgledanje elektronskih komunikacija nije više tajna – postoje indicije da se i u Srbiji koristi softver FinFisher/FinSpy, ali i alati firme „Trovicor”, iako ne postoje precizni podaci da li ih koriste državni organi ili privatne organizacije. Zloupotrebom ovih alata, za čije korišćenje ne postoji jasan zakonski okvir, kao ni mehanizmi kontrole, grubo se krši pravo na privatnost, a samim tim se ugrožavaju i temelji demokratskog društva.
Privatnost je ljudsko pravo
Generalna skupština UN je nedavno jednoglasno usvojila Rezoluciju o pravu na privatnost u digitalnom dobu, prvu koja se odnosi na privatnost posle 25 godina. Pozvali smo Vladu Republike Srbije da podrži ovaj dokument – našainicijativa je okupila 33 organizacije civilnog društva, kao i novinarska i medijska udruženja. SHARE Fondacija je takođe pokrenula kampanju promovisanja Međunarodnih principa o primeni standarda ljudskih prava na nadgledanje elektronskih komunikacija. Principe je već podržalo više od 300 organizacija iz čitavog sveta, a sada i pojedinci mogu da potpišu peticiju na Internetu i tako doprinesu borbi protiv neovlašćenog i masovnog nadzora.
Potpišite peticiju i sazovite Savet za nacionalnu bezbednost
Pored poziva da potpišete ovu onlajn peticiju i podržite Principe protiv masovnog nadgledanja, pozivamo Vas da u skladu sa Vašim nadležnostima pokrenete mehanizme kojima bi se zaštitila naša ljudska prava koja su ugrožena. Predlažemo da sazovete sednicu Saveta za nacionalnu bezbednost o pitanjima nadgledanja i presretanja elektronskih komunikacija, na kojoj biste zahtevali formiranje posebne radne grupe, sačinjene od članova Biroa za koordinaciju, Zaštitnika građana i Poverenika za informacije od javnog značaja i zaštitu podataka o ličnosti, koja bi pripremila izveštaj o navodima iz ovog pisma i ostalim raspoloživim podacima, kako bi Savet nadležnim državnim organima mogao da predloži mere za unapređenje nacionalne bezbednosti koje će garantovati poštovanje ljudskih prava.
Stojimo Vam na raspolaganju za svaku dodatnu pomoć.
Share Fondacija
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